What is defined as an electrical arc?

An electrical arc is defined as a discharge of electric current that occurs across a gap, which can lead to the formation of plasma. When the voltage is high enough to overcome the insulating properties of air or another medium, a conductive path is created, allowing current to flow. This phenomenon often generates intense heat and light, which is characteristic of an arc.

The formation of plasma during this process indicates that the electrical energy has become so concentrated that it ionizes the surrounding air, resulting in visible light and heat. This principle is applied in various applications, such as arc welding and in circuit breakers, where a controlled arc is utilized to interrupt current. Recognizing the nature of an arc is crucial for understanding many electrical concepts and safety practices.